Hyperthyroidism as the name suggest consists of two terms “hyper” which means excessive and “thyroidism” is related to the production of the thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland. So, hyperthyroidism is the disorder in which excessive amount of thyroid hormones are produced from the thyroid gland. The two major glands produced are T3 and T4. The thyroid hormone is located near the neck and is responsible for releasing the thyroid hormones which are produced when the thyroid stimulating hormone acts on it. In case of the hyperthyroidism, the metabolic action of the body increases and the organs like heart, liver etc. are affected.

The various causes of hyperthyroidism are:

By grave’s disease

it is an autoimmune disease i.e., it arises due to the overactive immune response of the body and causes the thyroid gland to expand to twice its size and thus leads to an increase in the thyroid hormone production and leads to bulging eyes and causes hyperthyroidism. It occurs in middle aged people.

Toxic thyroid adenoma

The thyroid gland swells in this case.
Toxic multinodular nodules
In this case nontoxic autonomous nodules are formed which result in hyperthyroidism.
Thyroiditis
The inflamed thyroid hormones results in excessive hormone production. It commonly occurs in females post delivery.

The various symptoms associated with hyperthyroidism are:

• Excessive weight loss
• Hair loss
• Weakening of muscles
• Heat intolerance
• The heart rate increases
• Sleeping disorders and there is difficult in sleeping
• The eyeballs bulge out as in case of grave’s disease.
• Tiredness and fatigue etc.

After the above symptoms are noticed and you visit a physician then, the diagnosis for hyperthyroidism can be done as follows:

• By carrying out the blood tests, in this case a blood test is carried out which tells about the TSH levels in the body. Also the level of the T3 and T4 hormones is checked.
• Specific antibodies for the grave’s disease are checked and are a contributing factor for the same.
• Various types of radio scan and other ultrasound techniques.
• Scintigraphy

After the diagnosis is done, the treatment is carried out, so the type of treatment to be carried out as follows:

• Hydrostatics
• Beta-blockers
• Radio-iodine
• Surgery.