The thyroid nodule is basically a lump which is observed within the thyroid gland present inside the body near the Adam’s apple. These nodules may be benign or cancerous in nature. After the diagnosis has been carried out and it has been known about the nature and type of the nodule, then the thyroid nodule treatment is given to the patient. One of the common and the most important treatment is the thyroid nodule surgery.

The thyroid nodule surgery which is carried out is basically the hemithyroidectomy; half of the gland is removed. The procedure involved for the thyroid nodule surgery is as follows:

• In this type of the surgery, the blood is supplied to the thyroid is equally divided among the recurrent laryngeal nerve which is followed by the voice box and further to the parathyroid gland and to the thyroid gland.
• The anesthesia is given to the patient and thereafter a cut or a skin incision is made so that it reaches to the thyroid gland by dissection
• The surgical drain is employed to drain off the excessive blood.
• In this case after the surgery has been carried out, the part or the lobe which is removed is further sent to the pathological laboratory fro checking about its nature i.e., whether it is malignant or benign. In case, the lobe removed is malignant in nature, then the other part of the thyroid which remains is also removed.
• The patient is awoken after the surgery and the drain is connected on the first day of surgery which removes the blood loss.

The main benefit of carrying out the thyroid nodule surgery is that we come to know about the nature of the nodule so formed and thus, after the complete removal of the gland as in the case of the cancerous nodule medications are provided to check the thyroid levels.

The various risk factors which are involved in the thyroid nodule surgery are as follows:

• Bleeding: in some cases during surgery or after it there may be large amount of bleeding.
• Scar: as the incision is made, so a scar may be visible after the surgery which may not be good to look at.
• Damage may be caused to the recurrent laryngeal nerve during the surgery which may lead to hoarseness in voice as the vocal cord is affected.

It may take around one or two weeks to fully recover from the thyroid nodule surgery. Thus, the thyroid nodule surgery plays an important role in nodule removal and may help in removing the cancerous nodules from the body.